What is the opacifying agent used in hard gelatin capsule?
A 120 ppm formaldehyde treatment reduced gelatin shell dissolution to 8% within 45 min in water at 37 degrees C. A 200 ppm treatment reduced gelatin epsilon-amino groups to 83% of the original uncrosslinked value. The results also support earlier reports of non-amino group crosslinking by formaldehyde in gelatin.
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What is the opacifying agent used in hard gelatin capsule?
titanium dioxide
Opacifying agents. Opacifiers (e.g., titanium dioxide) may be included to make clear gelatin opaque. Opaque capsules may be employed to provide protection against light or to conceal the contents.
Is formaldehyde compatible with gelatin?
A 120 ppm formaldehyde treatment reduced gelatin shell dissolution to 8% within 45 min in water at 37 degrees C. A 200 ppm treatment reduced gelatin epsilon-amino groups to 83% of the original uncrosslinked value. The results also support earlier reports of non-amino group crosslinking by formaldehyde in gelatin.
What ingredients are in gelatin capsules?
Capsules are made up of gelatin (hard or soft) and nongelatin shells generally derived from hydrolysis of collagen (acid, alkaline, enzymatic, or thermal hydrolysis) from animal origin or cellulose based.
What kind of gelatin is used in capsules?
The primary gelatin types used in capsules are typically from bovine or porcine raw materials. Depending on the fill, formulation and on the target market group, manufacturers have flexibility in the raw material type, with some opting for a combination of porcine and bovine options.
What kind of drug Cannot be filled in hard gelatin capsule?
Answer: Hypromellose drug are cannot be filled in hard gelatin capsule. Explanation: Hard gelatin capsule is a type of capsule is usually used to contain medicine in the form of dry powder or very small pellets.
Which one is semiautomatic method of capsule filling?
Semi automatic capsule filler incorporates automatic capsule loading system to ensure faster, safer, closure and ejection of filled capsules. It also has an automatic drug hopper in-feed mechanism to eliminate any variation in weight and thus ensures in high productivity.
Are gel caps made with gelatin?
Gelatin in Softgel Capsules. Most of the Softgel capsules consist of gelatin as the main ingredient. Gelatin is a substance that comes from collagen. Collagen is a product of animal bones and skin.
Is gelatin in capsules halal?
Gelatin capsules, unless certified halal and/or kosher or labeled bovine, are generally made of pork gelatin. Muslim consumers consider pork gelatin haram, and it is unacceptable to most Orthodox Jewish consumers as well.
What kind of gelatin is halal?
Gelatin Type B is a gelatin derived from the hides of cattle and from the bones of animals that have been demineralized. Gelatin derived from halal slaughtered cattle bones is acceptable (Halal). Moreover, Gelatin from fish skin that is free from contamination from other sources is also considered Halal.
What should be the moisture content of a hard gelatin capsule?
Moisture content of finished capsules Empty gelatine capsules have a moisture content between 13% and 16% — they will become brittle if the moisture content falls below this limit, and will soften if it increases above it.
What is cross-linking of gelatin?
Cross-linking of gelatin is the alteration of gelatin such that the shell disintegrates slower and releases the formulation slower as a result. It can come in the form of internal cross-linking which occasionally results when the capsules experience high heat and humidity.
Can hard gelatin capsule (HGC) crosslink with soft gelatin capsule shells?
The dissolution problems were simulated using hard gelatin capsule (HGC) shells previously treated with formaldehyde to crosslink the gelatin. These methods were also used to study the effect of uncrosslinked HGC stored under stressed conditions (37 degrees C and 81% RH) with or without the presence of soft gelatin capsule shells (SGC).
What is cross-linking and why is it important?
What is cross-linking? Cross-linking of gelatin is the alteration of gelatin such that the shell disintegrates slower and releases the formulation slower as a result. It can come in the form of internal cross-linking which occasionally results when the capsules experience high heat and humidity.
Does cross-linking affect in vitro dissolution profiles of drugs?
Cross-linking phenomena, occurring in stressed hard gelatin capsules and gelatin-coated tablets, could cause considerable changes in the in vitro dissolution profiles of drugs. However, in a few cases, the bioavailability of the drug from the stressed capsules is not significantly altered when compared to that obtained from freshly packed capsules.