Streptomycin is a member of a family of antibiotics that work by interrupting the function of bacteria cells’ ribosomes, the complex molecular machines that create proteins by linking amino acids together.

What is the mode of action for streptomycin?

Streptomycin is a member of a family of antibiotics that work by interrupting the function of bacteria cells’ ribosomes, the complex molecular machines that create proteins by linking amino acids together.

What is the major toxic effect of streptomycin?

The vestibulotoxic potential of streptomycin exceeds that of its capacity for cochlear toxicity. Vestibular damage is heralded by headache, nausea, vomiting and disequilibrium. Early cochlear injury is demonstrated by the loss of high frequency hearing.

What does streptomycin do to the body?

STREPTOMYCIN (strep toe MYE sin) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic. It is used to treat certain kinds of bacterial infections. It will not work for colds, flu, or other viral infections.

Is streptomycin a toxin?

Streptomycin is toxic to algae, so precautionary labeling for all non-aquatic uses is required.

Which bacterial process does streptomycin inhibit?

Streptomycin inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the 30S subunit of the prokaryotic ribosome and was found to be effective not only against Gram-negative bacteria but also against the tubercle bacillus (Hopwood, 2007).

Why does streptomycin inhibit protein synthesis?

Streptomycin irreversibly binds to the 16S rRNA and S12 protein within the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit. As a result, this agent interferes with the assembly of initiation complex between mRNA and the bacterial ribosome, thereby inhibiting the initiation of protein synthesis.

How does streptomycin cause ototoxicity?

Aminoglycosides cause degeneration of sensory cells in the cochlea; usually involving the basal turn initially before progressing to the cochlea apex. This is the basis for the initial high frequency hearing loss subsequently followed by hearing loss in the lower frequencies.

Does streptomycin cross blood brain barrier?

… Among the firstline drugs used in TBM, RIF, EMP and streptomycin have poor penetration across the blood-CSF barrier.

What bacteria does streptomycin target?

Streptomycin, the first antibiotic to be discovered by random screening of soil organisms, is predominantly active against enterobacteria and M. tuberculosis. Like other members of the aminoglycoside family it has no useful activity against streptococci, anaerobes or intracellular bacteria.

What is the mode of action for penicillin?

Penicillins are bactericidal agents that exert their mechanism of action by inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis and by inducing a bacterial autolytic effect.

What is the mode of action of tetracycline?

Tetracycline is a short-acting antibiotic that inhibits bacterial growth by inhibiting translation. It binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit and prevents the amino-acyl tRNA from binding to the A site of the ribosome. It also binds to some extent to the 50S ribosomal subunit. This binding is reversible in nature.

What is streptomycin’s mechanism of action?

Streptomycin has two mechanism of action depending on what conformation (isomer) is at in the system in which it will work. Isomer A functions as a protein synthesis inhibitor. It binds to the small 16S rRNA of the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome irreversibly, interfering with the binding of formyl-methionyl-tRNA to the 30S subunit.

Is streptomycin toxic to humans?

Highly purified streptomycin is nontoxic when given in small doses, but it appears to have a cumulative detrimental effect on nervous system when, given as a medication over long periods of time.

What happens to protein synthesis in streptomycin-dependent mutations?

In streptomycin-dependent mutants of bacterial pathogen, protein synthesis fails to take place in absence of streptomycin. The schematic representation of the mechanism of streptomycin dependence is shown in Fig. 45.11.

Is streptomycin a broad spectrum antibiotic?

Streptomycin is an antibiotic that inhibits both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and is therefore a useful broad-spectrum antibiotic.