The Grade Group is a recently adopted categorisation derived from the ISUP Modified Gleason Score, and allocates the patient into one of five prognostic categories or groups, with the lowest number indicating a very good prognostic tumour, and higher numbers indicating a poorer prognosis.

What is ISUP grade group?

The Grade Group is a recently adopted categorisation derived from the ISUP Modified Gleason Score, and allocates the patient into one of five prognostic categories or groups, with the lowest number indicating a very good prognostic tumour, and higher numbers indicating a poorer prognosis.

What is the Gleason pattern?

Gleason pattern 1 is the most well-differentiated tumor pattern. It is a well-defined nodule of single/separate, closely/densely packed, back-to-back gland pattern that does not invade into adjacent healthy prostatic tissue.

How does the Gleason scale work?

The Gleason scoring system is the most common prostate cancer grading system used. The pathologist looks at how the cancer cells are arranged in the prostate and assigns a score on a scale of 3 to 5 from 2 different locations. Cancer cells that look similar to healthy cells receive a low score.

How accurate is the Gleason scale?

Overall accuracy was 58.3%. Both, biopsy and prostatectomy Gleason score correlated significantly with disease free survival (P = 0.001), furthermore the classification (Gleason scores < 7, 7 and > 7) was highly significant (P = 0.001).

Can a Gleason 7 metastasize?

According to Dr. Klotz, the likelihood of metastases was mainly dependent on the amounts of Gleason 7 cancer in the prostate, and whether a man’s PSA levels doubled quickly. He expects that a few more men in the study will develop metastatic cancer with age and longer-term follow-up.

What is MAP protocol in telecom?

The Mobile Application Part (MAP) is an SS7 protocol that provides an application layer for the various nodes in GSM and UMTS mobile core networks and GPRS core networks to communicate with each other in order to provide services to users.

What is SS7 and how it works?

SS7 is a set of protocols allowing phone networks to exchange the information needed for passing calls and text messages between each other and to ensure correct billing. It also allows users on one network to roam on another, such as when travelling in a foreign country.

Does Gleason 7 need treatment?

In contrast, patients with Gleason 7 to 10 cancer should consider treatment (i.e., radical prostatectomy or radiation). These patients have a high risk of dying from prostate cancer, and disease-free survival appears to be better after treatment.

How has the Gleason grading system for prostate adenocarcinoma evolved?

Abstract The Gleason grading system for prostate adenocarcinoma has evolved from its original scheme established in the 1960s–1970s, to a significantly modified system after two major consensus meetings conducted by the International Society of Urologic Pathology (ISUP) in 2005 and 2014, respectively.

What is the history of the Gleason grading system?

The Gleason grading system for prostate adenocarcinoma originated in the 1960s–1970s from a pioneering randomized, well-controlled, prospective study initiated by the Veterans Administration of the USA, in which over 2,900 patients were included. Dr.

What are the characteristics of Gleason pattern 1?

In the original system, Gleason pattern 1 is characterized by a well-circumscribed, nodular lesion composed of roughly uniform, closely compacted, discrete, well-differentiated glands of moderate size. It has been recognized that this “pattern” is extremely rare, if not non-existent,…

Can a Gleason 1 nodule be diagnosed with a biopsy?

It has been recognized that diagnosing Gleason 1 on needle biopsies is not acceptable, since a “Gleason 1” nodule cannot be assessed by a core biopsy. Even with TURP or RP samples, the original Gleason score 1+1=2 nodules mostly are adenosis (AAH) by modern standards. This basically eliminates Gleason 1 pattern.