Complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) is the largest multimeric enzyme complex of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, which is responsible for electron transport and the generation of a proton gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane to drive ATP production.

What is the mitochondrial complex 1?

Complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) is the largest multimeric enzyme complex of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, which is responsible for electron transport and the generation of a proton gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane to drive ATP production.

What is the function of complex 1?

Complex I is the first enzyme of the respiratory chain. It oxidizes NADH, which is generated through the Krebs cycle in the mitochondrial matrix, and uses the two electrons to reduce ubiquinone to ubiquinol.

What does complex 1 do in the electron transport chain?

Complex I is a very large enzyme catalyzing the first step of the mitochondrial electron transport chain [1], [2]. The enzyme oxidizes NADH transferring electrons to Ubiquinone (Coenzyme Q, CoQ), a lipid soluble electron carrier embedded in the lipid bilayer of the inner mitochondrial membrane.

What is mitochondrial complex I activity?

The Mitochondrial Complex I Assay Kit is a fast and reliable method to determine the activity of Complex I in isolated mitochondria. It is useful for respiration studies in isolated mitochondria and may be used to study effects of toxicants, drugs, and other environmental conditions on mitochondrial complex I activity.

What is the name of complex 1?

NADH oxidoreductase
Complex I of the electron transport chain, also known as NADH oxidoreductase or NADH dehydrogenase, is a very large, L-shaped structure that functions to accept high energy electrons from NADH molecules.

What happens if complex 1 is inhibited?

The inhibition of complex 1 decreases NADH oxidation, proton pumping across the inner mitochondrial membrane and oxygen consumption rate, resulting in lower proton gradient (Δψ) and reduction of proton-driven ATP synthesis from ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi).

What is mitochondrial complex II?

Mitochondrial complex II (CII), also called succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), is a central purveyor of the reprogramming of metabolic and respiratory adaptation in response to various intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli and abnormalities.

What is the role of complex 1 and complex 2?

Complex I accepts high energy electrons from NADH and pumps 4 protons from the matrix to the intermembrane space. Complex II is succinate dehydrogenase. Complex II converts succinate to fumarate and generates FADH2 in the Krebs cycle. Complex II directly gets FADH2 and delivers two electrons in ETS.

What is the name of complex 1 in electron transport chain?

What is complex known?

Respiratory complex I, EC 7.1. 1.2 (also known as NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, Type I NADH dehydrogenase and mitochondrial complex I) is the first large protein complex of the respiratory chains of many organisms from bacteria to humans.

What is the substrate for complex 1?

In experiments involving isolated mitochondria, complex I-linked substrates (eg, pyruvate, malate and glutamate) and the complex II-linked substrate succinate have been widely used as physiological substrates to initiate mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation.

What is an inhibitor of complex 1?

The best-known inhibitor of complex I is rotenone (commonly used as an organic pesticide). Rotenone and rotenoids are isoflavonoids occurring in several genera of tropical plants such as Antonia (Loganiaceae), Derris and Lonchocarpus (Faboideae, Fabaceae).