Pleiotropy. Pleiotropy occurs when one gene influences multiple phenotypic traits. Consequently, a mutation in a pleiotropic gene may have an effect on some or all traits simultaneously.

What is meant by the term pleiotropy quizlet?

Pleiotropy. Pleiotropy occurs when one gene influences multiple phenotypic traits. Consequently, a mutation in a pleiotropic gene may have an effect on some or all traits simultaneously.

What is an example of pleiotropy?

In genetics, Pleiotropy is defined as the expression of multiple traits by a single gene. Pleiotropy is derived from a Greek word meaning more ways. A simple example of a Pleiotropy is phenylketonuria is a disease. It is a genetic disorder caused by the low metabolism of the amino acid phenylalanine in the body cells.

What pleiotropy means?

Pleiotropy means that a single gene affects two or more characters. In the context of life history evolution, pleiotropy means that a single gene affects the fitness of the organism at two or more ages. It is convenient to categorize the combinations of age-specific pleiotropic effects as shown in Table 1.

What is pleiotropy and why does it occur?

(b) Molecular-gene pleiotropy occurs when a gene product carries out multiple independent biochemical functions. A gene deletion may abolish both functions, but if they are both redundant there may be no measureable phenotype (in this genetic background).

What is antagonistic pleiotropy quizlet?

Antagonistic Pleiotropy. expression of a single gene causes competing effects–some beneficial and some detrimental to fitness of an organism. Some genes increase odds of successful reproduction & fitness early in life but decrease fitness later in life.

Which one of the following is an example of pleiotropy in humans?

An example of pleiotropy is phenylketonuria, an inherited disorder that affects the level of phenylalanine, an amino acid that can be obtained from food, in the human body. Phenylketonuria causes this amino acid to increase in amount in the body, which can be very dangerous.

What is pleiotropy class 12 biology?

Pleiotropism is the condition in which a single gene controls more than one phenotypic effect, that is completely unrelated. E.g.: Phenylketonuria. It is an autosomal recessive disorder affecting chromosome number 12.

What does the theory of antagonistic pleiotropy predict about genes and natural selection?

Antagonistic pleiotropy, as it applies to aging, hypothesizes that animals possess genes that enhance fitness early in life but diminish it in later life and that such genes can be favored by natural selection because selection is stronger early in life even as they cause the aging phenotype to emerge.

What is polygenic trait quizlet?

polygenic triats. a trait that is controlled by several pairs of genes; different combinations of all the genes contribute to the trait in varying degrees. multiple allele traits.

What is linkage and crossing over?

Crossing Over is the process of separation of genes between homologous pairs into various gametes. Linkage is the tendency of inheriting genes together on the same chromosome. Linkage occurs when two genes are closer to each other on the same chromosome.

What is Genocopy and phenocopy?

They are subject to genocopies (a genotype at one locus contributing to the risk of disease in a manner indistinguishable from that produced by another genotype and/or locus) and phenocopies (an environmental factor mimicking the effects of a susceptibility gene).